Europe braces for prolonged heatwave as temperatures approach 40C

A severe heatwave gripped much of Europe, with temperatures nearing 40 degrees Celsius (104 ​degrees Fahrenheit), prompting nationwide warnings, transport disruption and signs of strain on wildlife and at tourist hotspots.
The heat surge ‌on June 21, the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere and typically the start of the three hottest months of the year, raised concerns of an early and persistent onset of extreme conditions.
After several days of temperatures above 35C, Italian authorities issued a red alert for June 21 in eight cities, including ​Bologna, Florence, Milan, and Turin.
In Rome, pilgrims in St Peter's Square used parasols and umbrellas to shield themselves from the ​blazing sun as the Pope led a traditional Sunday prayer from a window of the Apostolic Palace.
The ⁠spike in temperatures is being driven by a mass of hot air moving north from the Sahara, fuelled by a strong high‑pressure ​system known as the "African anticyclone."
Meteorologists say the system is creating a so‑called "heat dome," trapping hot air over western and central Europe and ​allowing temperatures to build day after day.
Spain's AEMET weather agency issued red and orange alerts across several regions, warning of temperatures exceeding 39 to 40 C ​across large parts of the Iberian Peninsula and Mallorca, and said the heatwave would last at least until midweek.
In Germany, where temperatures ​have already reached as high as ​38C, the DWD weather service ⁠warned of severe thunderstorms in eastern regions including Berlin, where heavy rain disrupted the open‑air festivals.
Wildlife rescuers are also reporting mounting pressure, as a centre near the Belgian city of Namur said it had taken in around 150 heat‑stressed animals in recent days, with young birds particularly at risk.
Experts say the situation reflects a broader trend, with heatwaves in Europe becoming more frequent and intense due to climate change.